Lesson L5N2N2 Vocabulary โ Thematic Setsโฑ 25 min
Law and Ethics Vocabulary
This lesson introduces key Japanese vocabulary related to law and ethics, such as ๆณๅพ (law), ๆจฉๅฉ (right), ็พฉๅ (obligation), ๅซ็ (ethics), and ็ฝฐๅ (penalty). You'll learn how to use these terms in context to discuss legal systems, ethical dilemmas, and social responsibilities, preparing you for N2 reading and listening passages on these themes.
๐ฏ Goal: Learn N2 vocabulary related to law and ethics.
Lesson Content
Learning Goal
By the end of this lesson, you will be able to recognize and use 20 N2-level vocabulary words related to law and ethics. You'll understand how these words describe actions like observing, opposing, collecting, and handling situationsโcommon in legal, ethical, and social contexts.
Concept
Law and ethics vocabulary in Japanese often revolves around actions of observation, reaction, collection, and management. Many words use common prefixes like ๅใ (tori-) meaning "to take/handle" and ๅ (han-) meaning "anti-/opposition." Understanding these building blocks will help you guess the meaning of new words.
Step-by-Step Breakdown
1. Observation and Reflection
| Word | Reading | Meaning | Key Point |
|---|---|---|---|
| ๅ่ฆณ | ใใใใ (sankan) | visit; inspection | Used for visiting a school, factory, or facility to observe |
| ๅๆ | ใฏใใใ (han'ei) | reflection; influence | Can mean light reflecting or an opinion being reflected in policy |
| ๅ็บ | ใฏใใฑใค (hanpatsu) | opposition; backlash; repulsion | Strong negative reaction; also physical repulsion (magnetism) |
| ๅๆ | ใฏใใใ (hankan) | antipathy; ill feeling | Emotional dislike or resentment |
Example:
- ๅญฆๆ กใๅ่ฆณใใใ (Gakkou o sankan suru.) โ Visit a school.
- ๆ่ฆใๆฟ็ญใซๅๆ ใใใใ (Iken ga seisaku ni han'ei sareta.) โ The opinion was reflected in the policy.
- ๅฝผใฎๆๆกใซๅ็บใ่ตทใใใ (Kare no teian ni hanpatsu ga okita.) โ Backlash arose against his proposal.
- ๅฝผๅฅณใซๅๆใๆใคใ (Kanojo ni hankan o motsu.) โ Hold ill feeling toward her.
2. Collection and Storage
| Word | Reading | Meaning | Key Point |
|---|---|---|---|
| ๅใพใ | ใใใพใ (osamaru) | to fit into; to be contained | Intransitive (things fit by themselves) |
| ๅ็ด | ใใ ใใฎใ (shuunou) | storage; putting away | Noun/ใใ verb for storing items |
| ๅ้ | ใใ ใใใ ใ (shuushuu) | collecting; gathering | Used for stamps, data, evidence, etc. |
| ๅๅพ | ใใ ใจใ (shutoku) | acquisition; obtaining | Formal word for obtaining a license, qualification, or right |
Example:
- ๆฌใ็ฎฑใซๅใพใใ (Hon ga hako ni osamaru.) โ The book fits into the box.
- ๆใใฏใญใผใผใใใซๅ็ดใใใ (Fuku o kuroozetto ni shuunou suru.) โ Store clothes in the closet.
- ใใผใฟใๅ้ใใใ (Deeta o shuushuu suru.) โ Collect data.
- ๅ ่จฑใๅๅพใใใ (Menkyo o shutoku suru.) โ Obtain a license.
3. Handling and Taking (ๅใ- prefix verbs)
These verbs all start with ๅใ (tori-) meaning "to take" or "to handle." They are very common in legal and ethical contexts.
| Word | Reading | Meaning | Key Point |
|---|---|---|---|
| ๅใฃๆ | ใจใฃใฆ (totte) | handle; grip | Noun (the physical handle of a door, drawer, etc.) |
| ๅใไธใใ | ใจใใใใ (toriageru) | to pick up; to adopt (a proposal); to take up (a topic) | Also means "to confiscate" or "to feature" |
| ๅใไปใ | ใจใใคใ (toritsuku) | to cling to; to hold on to | Also "to set about doing" |
| ๅใๅ ฅใใ | ใจใใใใ (toriireru) | to harvest; to adopt (an idea) | Can mean physically bringing in or accepting a suggestion |
| ๅใๅฏใใ | ใจใใใใ (toriyoseru) | to order; to have sent | Used for ordering goods by mail or online |
| ๅใๆปใ | ใจใใใฉใ (torimodosu) | to take back; to regain; to recover | For recovering lost items, money, or confidence |
| ๅใๆใใ | ใจใใใใ (torikakaru) | to begin; to set about | Used when starting a task or project |
| ๅใๆถใ | ใจใใใ (torikeshi) | cancellation; revocation | Noun; often used for orders, reservations, or contracts |
| ๅใ็ตใฟ | ใจใใใฟ (torikumi) | effort; initiative; dealing with | Noun form of ๅใ็ตใ |
| ๅใ็ตใ | ใจใใใ (torikumu) | to grapple with; to tackle | Used for serious efforts (problems, projects, matches) |
| ๅใ่พผใ | ใจใใใ (torikomu) | to take in; to bring in; to win over | Can mean importing data or winning someone's favor |
| ๅใ้คใ | ใจใใฎใใ (torinozoku) | to remove; to take away | For removing obstacles, stains, or problems |
Example:
- ใใขใฎๅใฃๆใๅใใ (Doa no totte o mawasu.) โ Turn the door handle.
- ใใฎๅ้กใๅใไธใใใ (Sono mondai o toriageru.) โ Take up that issue.
- ๅฝผใซๅใไปใใ (Kare ni toritsuku.) โ Cling to him.
- ๆฐใใๅถๅบฆใๅใๅ ฅใใใ (Atarashii seido o toriireru.) โ Adopt a new system.
- ๆฌใๅใๅฏใใใ (Hon o toriyoseru.) โ Order a book.
- ไฟก้ ผใๅใๆปใใ (Shinrai o torimodosu.) โ Regain trust.
- ไปไบใซๅใๆใใใ (Shigoto ni torikakaru.) โ Begin work.
- ไบ็ดใๅใๆถใใ (Yoyaku o torikesu.) โ Cancel a reservation.
- ็ฐๅขๅ้กใซๅใ็ตใใ (Kankyou mondai ni torikumu.) โ Tackle environmental issues.
- ใใผใฟใๅใ่พผใใ (Deeta o torikomu.) โ Import data.
- ้ๅฎณใๅใ้คใใ (Shougai o torinozoku.) โ Remove an obstacle.
Mini Examples
- ่ฃๅคๆใฎๅ่ฆณใฏ่ช็ฑใงใใ (Saibansho no sankan wa jiyuu desu.) โ Visiting the courthouse is free.
- ๅฝผใฎ่กๅใซๅๆใๆใคไบบใฏๅคใใ (Kare no koudou ni hankan o motsu hito wa ooi.) โ Many people feel antipathy toward his actions.
- ๆณๅพใฎๆนๆญฃใ็คพไผใซๅๆ ใใใใ (Houritsu no kaisei ga shakai ni han'ei sareta.) โ The law revision was reflected in society.
- ๆฐใใ่ฆๅใซๅ็บใ่ตทใใใ (Atarashii kisoku ni hanpatsu ga okita.) โ Opposition arose to the new rule.
- ่จผๆ ใๅ้ใใใ (Shouko o shuushuu suru.) โ Collect evidence.
- ่ณๆ ผใๅๅพใใใฎใซๆ้ใใใใใ (Shikaku o shutoku suru noni jikan ga kakaru.) โ It takes time to obtain a qualification.
- ใใฎๆๆกใๅใไธใใในใใ ใ (Sono teian o toriageru beki da.) โ We should take up that proposal.
- ๅคใๆณๅพใๅใ้คใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใ (Furui houritsu o torinozoku hitsuyou ga aru.) โ It is necessary to remove old laws.
Common Mistake
Confusing ๅใไธใใ and ๅใๅ ฅใใ
- ๅใไธใใ (toriageru) = to pick up a topic, adopt a proposal, or confiscate something. It often involves raising or highlighting something.
- ๅใๅ ฅใใ (toriireru) = to bring in, adopt an idea, or harvest. It often involves accepting or integrating something.
โ ๆฐใใๆ่กใๅใไธใใใ (Atarashii gijutsu o toriageru.) โ This sounds like you're picking up the technology to discuss it, not adopting it.
โ ๆฐใใๆ่กใๅใๅ ฅใใใ (Atarashii gijutsu o toriireru.) โ Adopt new technology.
Quick Practice
Fill in the blanks with the correct word from the lesson.
- ๅญฆๆ กใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใใ (Visit a school.) โ ๅ่ฆณ
- ๅฝผใฎๆ่ฆใซ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใๆใคใ (Feel ill feeling toward his opinion.) โ ๅๆ
- ใใผใฟใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใใ (Collect data.) โ ๅ้
- ไบ็ดใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใใ (Cancel a reservation.) โ ๅใๆถใ
- ๅ้กใซ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใ (Tackle a problem.) โ ๅใ็ตใ
- ๅคใๆณๅพใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใ (Remove old laws.) โ ๅใ้คใ
Summary and Next Step
You've learned 20 key law and ethics vocabulary words. Focus on:
- Observation words: ๅ่ฆณ, ๅๆ , ๅ็บ, ๅๆ
- Collection words: ๅใพใ, ๅ็ด, ๅ้, ๅๅพ
- Handling words (ๅใ-): ๅใฃๆ, ๅใไธใใ, ๅใไปใ, ๅใๅ ฅใใ, ๅใๅฏใใ, ๅใๆปใ, ๅใๆใใ, ๅใๆถใ, ๅใ็ตใฟ, ๅใ็ตใ, ๅใ่พผใ, ๅใ้คใ
Next step: Practice using these words in sentences about real legal or ethical situations. Try writing 3 sentences about a current event using ๅใ็ตใ, ๅๆ , and ๅใ้คใ.
Practice Drills
No interactive practices assigned to this lesson yet.
Lesson Materials
Vocabulary (55)
ๅ่ฆณ ()visit; inspection
ๅๆ ()antipathy; antagonism; animosity; revulsion; ill feeling
ๅๆ ()reflection (light, image, situation, attitude, etc.); reflecting; influence; application (e.g. of an update)
ๅ็บ ()opposition; rebellion; revolt; resistance; backlash; refusal; rebounding; recoiling; repulsion
ๅใพใ ()to fit into (a box, frame, category, etc.); to be contained within; to fall within (e.g. a budget)
ๅ็ด ()storage; putting or stowing away
ๅ้ ()collecting; accumulating; gathering; collection (of art, stamps, insects, etc.)
ๅใฃๆ ()handle; grip; knob
ๅใไธใใ ()to pick up; to adopt (e.g. a proposal); to accept; to take up (a topic, complaint, etc.); to listen to; to deal with; to feature
ๅใไปใ ()to cling to; to hold on to; to hold fast to; to set about doing; to begin; to commence; to undertake
ๅใๅ
ฅใใ ()to harvest; to reap; to take in; to gather in; to adopt (e.g. idea); to accept (e.g. advice); to introduce
ๅใๅฏใใ ()to order; to send away for; to have (something) sent to one
ๅใๆปใ ()to take back; to regain; to get back; to recover
ๅใๆใใ ()to begin; to set about; to start
ๅใๆถใ ()cancellation; withdrawal; abolition; revocation; cancel
ๅใ็ตใฟ ()bout (in sports, etc.); match; effort; initiative; dealing with; grappling with; wrestling with
ๅใ็ตใ ()to grapple with; to wrestle with; to engage in a bout; to be matched against; to tackle (e.g. a problem); to come to grips with; to work hard on
ๅใ่พผใ ()to take in; to bring in; to adopt (e.g. behaviour); to introduce; to win over; to please; to curry favour with; to flatter
ๅใ้คใ ()to remove; to deinstall; to take away; to set apart
ๅๅพ ()acquisition; obtaining; gaining possession; purchase
ๅๆฑ ()treatment; service; handling; management
ๅๆ ()news coverage; collecting data (e.g. for an article); covering (something for media)
ๅใๅ
ฅใใ ()to accept; to receive; to agree
ๅใ็ญใ ()reply; response; answer
ๅๅ็ ()passive
ๅ่จบ ()having a medical examination; seeing a doctor
ๅ่ฌ ()taking (attending) lectures
ๅ่ณ ()winning (a prize)
ๅ้จ็ ()student preparing for or taking examinations (usu. entrance exams); test-taker
ๅฃๅบง ()account (e.g. bank)
ๅคๅ
ธ ()classic (work, esp. book); the classics
ๅค้ขจ ()old-fashioned; archaic; antique; antiquated
ๅฏๆใใ ()to love; to cherish; to be affectionate to; to treat tenderly; to dote on; to show favouritism to; to be partial to
ๅฏ่ฝๆง (ใใฎใใใ)possibility
ๅฐ็กใ ()mess; spoiled; spoilt; (come to) nothing; ruin
ๅถใ ()to come true (of a wish, prayer, etc.); to be realized; to be fulfilled; to suit (e.g. a purpose); to meet (wishes, ideals, etc.); to conform to (standards, rules, etc.); to be consistent with
ๅธไผ ()leading a meeting; presiding over a meeting; officiating at a ceremony; chairmanship; chairman; presenter; host; moderator; master of ceremonies
ๅ่ช ()each (person); everyone; individual; respective
ๅๅ ()combination; union; incorporation; amalgamation; fusion
ๅๅฎฟ ()lodging together; training camp; boarding house
ๅ้ ()interval; break; pause; spare moment
ๅๅฑ
()coexistence; living together
ๅๅนดไปฃ ()the same generation; coeval
ๅ็ญ ()equality; equal; same rights; same rank; equivalence
ๅใฅใใ ()to name; to call; to christen; to term
ๅๅบ ()business card
ๅๆ ()famous place
ๅ็ฉ ()famous product; special product; speciality; specialty
ๅ็ฃ ()noted product; local specialty
ๅ็ฐฟ ()register of names; list of names; roll; register; roster
ๅ้ ()noted family; noble family; prestigious school, organization, business, etc.
ๅใๅใ ()to be opposite; to face each other; to confront (an issue); to face
ๅไธ ()elevation; rise; improvement; advancement; progress
ๅซใใ ()to include (in a group or scope); to include (a nuance); to put in (an implication)
ๅธใๅใ ()to absorb; to squeeze (money)
Grammar (0)
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Kana (0)
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