Simple Instructions and Manuals
This lesson builds the skills needed to interpret everyday instructions, such as those found in product manuals, recipes, or safety notices. You'll practice recognizing imperative verb forms, sequence markers (e.g., ใพใใซ, ใใจใง), and common vocabulary for procedures. Exercises reinforce comprehension of order, necessity, and cautionary language at the N4 level.
๐ฏ Goal: Read and follow simple instructions or manual text.
Lesson Content
Learning Goal
By the end of this lesson, you will be able to read and follow simple Japanese instructions and manual text, such as steps for using a machine, cooking directions, or assembly guides.
Concept
Simple instructions in Japanese often use the ใฆ-form (te-form) of verbs to connect sequential actions, and the dictionary form or ใพใ-stem for commands. They also rely on common vocabulary like "first," "next," "finally," and "do not." Understanding these patterns helps you follow directions without confusion.
Step-by-Step Breakdown
1. Sequential Actions with ใฆ-form
The ใฆ-form links actions in order, like "do A, then B, then C."
- Verb ใฆ-form + Verb ใฆ-form + Verb ใพใ/ใใ ใใ
- Example: ใใฟใณใๆผใใฆใ้ปๆบใๅ
ฅใใฆใใ ใใใ
- Botan o oshite, dengen o irete kudasai.
- "Press the button, then turn on the power."
| Verb (dictionary) | ใฆ-form | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ๆผใ (osu) | ๆผใใฆ (oshite) | press |
| ๅ ฅใใ (ireru) | ๅ ฅใใฆ (irete) | put in / turn on |
| ๅใ (kiru) | ๅใฃใฆ (kitte) | cut / turn off |
2. Commands with ใใ ใใ
Add ใใ ใใ (kudasai) after the ใฆ-form for polite requests/instructions.
-
ใใใซๅๅใๆธใใฆใใ ใใใ
- Koko ni namae o kaite kudasai.
- "Please write your name here."
-
ใใขใ้ใใฆใใ ใใใ
- Doa o shimete kudasai.
- "Please close the door."
3. Negative Instructions (Do not...)
Use ใชใใงใใ ใใ (naide kudasai) after the verb's negative stem (remove ใพใ, add ใชใ).
-
่งฆใใชใใงใใ ใใใ
- Sawaranaide kudasai.
- "Please do not touch."
-
ๆฐดใ้ฃฒใพใชใใงใใ ใใใ
- Mizu o nomanai de kudasai.
- "Please do not drink the water."
4. Order Words
Common words to sequence steps:
| Japanese | Romaji | English |
|---|---|---|
| ๆๅใซ | saisho ni | first |
| ๆฌกใซ | tsugi ni | next |
| ใใใใ | sore kara | after that |
| ๆๅพใซ | saigo ni | finally |
Mini Examples
-
ๆๅใซใในใคใใใๆผใใฆใใ ใใใ
- Saisho ni, suicchi o oshite kudasai.
- "First, please press the switch."
-
ๆฌกใซใใณใผใใๅทฎใ่พผใใงใใ ใใใ
- Tsugi ni, kลdo o sashikonde kudasai.
- "Next, please plug in the cord."
-
ใใใใใใใฟใณใๅใใฆใใ ใใใ
- Sore kara, botan o mawashite kudasai.
- "After that, please turn the button."
-
ๆๅพใซใ็ขบ่ชใใฆใใ ใใใ
- Saigo ni, kakunin shite kudasai.
- "Finally, please check."
Common Mistake
โ Using the dictionary form directly for instructions (e.g., ๆผใ instead of ๆผใใฆใใ ใใ).
- Incorrect: ใใฟใณใๆผใใ
- Correct: ใใฟใณใๆผใใฆใใ ใใใ
โ Always use ใฆ-form + ใใ ใใ for polite instructions. For very simple manuals, you may see just the ใฆ-form (e.g., ๆผใใฆ), but ใใ ใใ is safer for learners.
Quick Practice
Fill in the blanks with the correct ใฆ-form + ใใ ใใ.
-
ๆๅใซใใใขใ ________ (้ใใ akeru).
- Answer: ้ใใฆใใ ใใ (akete kudasai)
-
ๆฌกใซใไธญใซ ________ (ๅ ฅใ hairu) ใชใใงใใ ใใใ
- Answer: ๅ ฅใใชใใงใใ ใใ (hairanaide kudasai)
-
ใใใใใใใฟใณใ ________ (ๆผใ osu).
- Answer: ๆผใใฆใใ ใใ (oshite kudasai)
-
ๆๅพใซใ้ปๆฐใ ________ (ๆถใ kesu).
- Answer: ๆถใใฆใใ ใใ (keshite kudasai)
Summary and Next Step
You now know how to:
- Use ใฆ-form + ใใ ใใ for polite instructions
- Use ใชใใงใใ ใใ for negative commands
- Sequence steps with order words (ๆๅใซ, ๆฌกใซ, ใใใใ, ๆๅพใซ)
Next step: Practice reading short manuals (e.g., a rice cooker or microwave instructions) and try writing your own 3-step instruction for a simple task like making tea or charging a phone.
Practice Drills
No interactive practices assigned to this lesson yet.
Lesson Materials
Vocabulary (0)
No vocabulary in this lesson.
Grammar (0)
No grammar rules in this lesson.
Kanji (0)
No kanji characters in this lesson.
Kana (0)
No kana characters in this lesson.